Surface Modification of Microbial Fuel Cells Anodes: Approaches to Practical Design
By Li, Baitao; Zhou, Jun; Zhou, Xiuxiu; Wang, Xiujun; Li, Baikun; Santoro, Carlo; Grattieri, Matteo; Babanova, Sofia; Artyushkova, Kateryna; Atanassov, Plamen & Schuler, Andrew J.
Published in Electrochimica Acta
NULL
2014
Abstract
Anode modification was explored as an approach to enhance the startup and improve the performance of microbial fuel cells (MFCs) inoculated with mixed cultures for wastewater treatment. Carbon cloth (CC) anodes were modified by electrochemical oxidation in three electrolytes: nitric acid + sulfuric acid (CC-NS), ammonium nitrate (CC-AN), and ammonium sulfate (CC-AS). The acidic modification of the anode material increased in the ratio of saturated/unsaturated carbon on the surface and consequently, a decrease in electrode resistance was observed. A linear dependence between the MFCs operational characteristics and the anodes resistance (R2 ≥ 0.9) indicated the dominating role of this parameter. This modification also enhanced the bacterial attachment (wet and dry biomass) and biofilm formation. CC-NS, CC-AS and CC-AN anodes accelerated the start up period of the MFCs and demonstrated higher current and power compared to the unmodified CC. The differences in MFCs electrochemical behavior tended to decrease with time. Principal Components Analysis (PCA) was used to identify the parameters having major influence on the system performance, and the results underlined the positive effect of the surface modification on the MFCs output due to increases in the amounts of unsaturated and oxidized carbon, Electrochemical Accessible Surface Area (ECSA) and bacterial attachment.
Microsoft is Ending Support for Windows 7
Microsoft will discontinue support for Windows 7 on January 14, 2020 which means Gamry will also be discontinuing support for Windows 7. If you are upgrading to Windows 10, like many companies and institutions, you need to be running Version 7 of our s oftware . Please note that only USB and Ethernet-based instruments can run in Version 7. Eligible users can download the latest version of our software through our online Client Portal .
If you haven't already registered your instrument, you can do so through the Client Portal .
Please email Technical Support if you have any questions regarding this transition. Please be sure to include your instrument model and serial number when contacting us.