This Application Note describes a series of EIS measurements made on a Li ion secondary battery rated to have impedance below 500 µΩ at 1 kHz.电化学阻抗谱（EIS）是获取电化学系统信息的一种强有力的测试方法。它常常被应用在测试新型的能源转换和存储类电化学器件（ECS），包括电池，燃料电池和超级电容器。EIS可以被用到新设备发展的各个阶段，一直从半电解池反应的机理和动力学初始评估到电池包的质量控制。

Introduction

Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) measurements are more often performed in potentiostatic mode than under galvanostatic mode. The reason is partly convention and partly driven by materials. For example, coatings and corrosion-resistant materials have a higher impedance, so that the application of a 10 mV sine wave results in a nA (or smaller) response. Conversely, in a low-impedance device such as a large supercapacitor or battery, the application of a 10 mV sine wave produces amperes of current-flow, possibly changing the state of the device—or worse, yet, damaging it. For devices with intermediate impedance (e.g., smaller batteries, smaller supercapacitors, and sensors), either potentiostatic or galvanostatic modes may be used.

我的所有阻抗图谱看上去都一样！这样的抱怨非常普遍。

Gamry电化学仪器以准确测量EIS著称。每台电化学仪器都有准确的阻抗精度图（ACP）。 ACP阐述了在给定阻抗和频率条件下的阻抗精度。

本章为应用指南的第三部分，主要阐述能量转换装置相关的电化学技术。本章主要讨论的是电化学阻抗谱基础（EIS）知识并且将通过在单电化学电容和堆栈上的测试介绍Gamry的电化学阻抗技术。

With Gamry’s Echem Analyst and Model Editor you can create all sorts of EIS models provided they are made up of series and parallel combinations of 8 different basic circuit components.

This Application Note describes measurement of very small impedances using Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS).

This application note describes a series of EIS measurements made on a 1mW surface-mount resistor.

This application note discusses the use of multiple sine wave excitation in EIS and its implementation in Gamry Instrument software.

这个应用报告介绍了EIS的理论，并且尽量不从数学和电工理论方面来阐述。如果你仍然觉得这里阐述的材料难以理解也不要停止阅读。即使你不了解所有的讨论内容，也可以从这篇应用报告中得到有用的信息。