In vitro and in vivo evaluation of MgF2 coated {AZ31} magnesium alloy porous scaffolds for bone regeneration

By Yu, Weilin; Zhao, Huakun; Ding, Zhenyu; Zhang, Zhiwang; Sun, Benben; Shen, Ji; Chen, Shanshan; Zhang, Bingchun; Yang, Ke; Liu, Meixia; Chen, Daoyun; He, Yaohua
Published in Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces NULL 2017

Abstract

Abstract Porous magnesium scaffolds are attracting increasing attention because of their degradability and good mechanical property. In this work, a porous and degradable {AZ31} magnesium alloy scaffold was fabricated using laser perforation technique. To enhance the corrosion resistance and cytocompatibility of the {AZ31} scaffolds, a fluoride treatment was used to acquire the MgF2 coating. Enhanced corrosion resistance was confirmed by immersion and electrochemical tests. Due to the protection provided by the MgF2 coating, the magnesium release and pH increase resulting from the degradation of the {FAZ31} scaffolds were controllable. Moreover, in vitro studies revealed that the MgF2 coated {AZ31} (FAZ31) scaffolds enhanced the proliferation and attachment of rat bone marrow stromal cells (rBMSCs) compared with the {AZ31} scaffolds. In addition, our present data indicated that the extract of the {FAZ31} scaffold could enhance the osteogenic differentiation of rBMSCs. To compare the in vivo bone regenerative capacity of the {AZ31} and {FAZ31} scaffolds, a rabbit femoral condyle defect model was used. Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and histological examination were performed to evaluate the degradation of the scaffolds and bone volume changes. In addition to the enhanced the corrosion resistance, the {FAZ31} scaffolds were more biocompatible and induced significantly more new bone formation in vivo. Conversely, bone resorption was observed from the {AZ31} scaffolds. These promising results suggest potential clinical applications of the fluoride pretreated {AZ31} scaffold for bone tissue repair and regeneration.

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