Mechanism of single and multiple step pickling of 304 stainless steel in acid electrolytes
By Li, Lian-Fu; Caenen, Peter; Daerden, Mathieu; Vaes, David; Meers, Guido; Dhondt, Caroline & Celis, Jean-Pierre
Published in Corrosion Science
NULL
2005
Abstract
Pickling of oxidised 304 stainless steel in single or multiple electrolytes was investigated based on weight loss and corrosion potential measurements. A smooth surface finish was obtained after an extended pickling in HCl, but some external oxide scales remained. On pickling in HF, the external oxide scales were fully removed, but internal oxide scales remained, and intergranular corrosion took place. Multi-step pickling in successive HCl and HF electrolytes allowed achieving a smooth surface finish free of any oxide scales. The sequence and duration of pickling steps in such multi-step pickling greatly influenced the final surface finish. Corrosion potential of oxidised stainless steel in both electrolytes could differ, and that difference leaded to a uniform pickling of stainless steel in HCl and a localised pickling in HF.
Microsoft is Ending Support for Windows 7
Microsoft will discontinue support for Windows 7 on January 14, 2020 which means Gamry will also be discontinuing support for Windows 7. If you are upgrading to Windows 10, like many companies and institutions, you need to be running Version 7 of our s oftware . Please note that only USB and Ethernet-based instruments can run in Version 7. Eligible users can download the latest version of our software through our online Client Portal .
If you haven't already registered your instrument, you can do so through the Client Portal .
Please email Technical Support if you have any questions regarding this transition. Please be sure to include your instrument model and serial number when contacting us.